
CONTAIMNt; V FULL ACCOUNT OF IT^ 

IKERAL SPRINCS 



WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. 



THIIM) KKYISKI) AND ENLARGED EDITION. 



fufrlx%b bn il. g, § carborn, anir 

FOB SALE BY THE AMERICAN NEWS CO, 

115, 11T, m & 121 NASSAU ST., X. Y., 

ALBANY NEWS CO., ALBANY, Etc., Etc. 



WEKH. P.MisiiNs AM) COMPANY, IMMNTEKS. ALI'.ANV. N. A. 




Book . 8 3-1 I 



SARATOGA, 

* 

AND 

HOW TO SEE IT : 

CONTAINING A FULL ACCOUNT OF ITS 

CELEBRATED SPRINGS, MAMMOTH HOTELS, 

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS, 

BEAUTIFUL DRIVES AND WALKS, 

VARIOUS OBJECTS OF INTEREST AND AMUSEMENT, 
<fcc, <fec, &c, 

With NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Third Revised and Enlarged Edition. 



SARATOGA, N. T. : 

:r,_ if. :d:e.a.:r,:bo:b:£s!% 

1871. 

">, P ARSONS 1KD OOMPANT, PRINTERS, ALBANY, K. T. 




. 



F/zf 



COISTTEISTTS. 



PAGE 

Introduction 11 

Saratoga Mineral Springs 12 

their general properties 13 

List of Springs with their loca- 
tion 14 

Congress Spring (illustrated) ... 15 

Columbian Spring (illustrated. 17 

Crystal Spring (illustrated,) is 

Empire Spring (illustrated) 18 

Eureka Spring 20 

Sulphur Springs 20 

Excelsior Spring (illustrated) .. 21 

Ten Springs 22 

Hamilton Spring 23 

Hathorn Spring 23 

High Rock Spring (illustrations) 24 

Geyser Spring (illustrated) 27 

Pavilion Spring 23 

United States Spring 30 

Putnam Spring 30 

Red Spring (illustrated) 30 

Seltzer Spring 31 

Star Spring 35 

Saratoga "A" Spring 36 

Washington Spring 36 

Ellis Spring 37 

Directions for drinking the wa- 
ters 37 

Bottling the waters 39 

Glass Factory 40 

Hotels : 

Congress Hall (illustrated) . 41 

Union Hotel (illustrated) .... 42 



PAGE. 

Hotels — Continued. 

Holden House 44 

Clarendon Hotel 44 

Waverly House (illustrated) 45 

Everett House 46 

Continental Hotel (illus- 
trated) 47 

Crescent Hotel 47 

Mansion House 50 

Boarding houses 50 

Y. M. C. A. Rooms 50 

Temple Grove Seminary (illus- 
trated) 52 

Saratoga as a health resort 54 

Health Institutions 55 

Drives and walks 57 

Boulevard to the Lake 57 

Chapman's Hill 58 

Wagman's Hill 58 

Hagerty Hill 58 

Bemis Heights 58 

Waring Hill 58 

Spring avenue 58 

~\\ alk through the woods to the 

Excelsior Spring 59 

Congress Park 59 

Amusements 59 

Saratoga as a place of residence 60 

Saratoga Marble Works 63 

Where to trade in Saratoga 65 

Complete list of Hotels and 

principal Boarding Houses 67 

Hours for opening and closing 
the mails, etc., on map. 



Entered [according to act of Congress, in the year eighteen hundred 

and seventy-one. 

By R. P. DEARBORN, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



WILLIAM M. SEARING, BEEKMAN H. SEARING. 

WM. M. SEARING & SON, 
REAL ESTATE BROKERS, 

INSURANCE AND COLLECTING AGENTS, 

173 & 180 BROADWAY, AINSW02TH PLACE, 

(ROOMS 12 and 13,) 

SARATOGA SP^HSTGS, 

BUY, SELL, RENT AND EXCHANGE 

Furnished Cottages, Stores, Dwelling Houses, 

OFFICES, COUNTRY RESIDENCES, 

CITY AND SUBURBAN LOTS, FARMS, 

SHOPS, MILLS, FACTORIES, 

STEAM & WATER POWERS. 

Bonds, Mortgages and other Securities, Bought and Sold. 

LOANS NEGOTIATED. 

COLLECT BENTS, NOTES, ACCOUNTS AND EVIDENCES OF DEBT. 

All kinds of Insurances Effected at the Lowest Rates. 

NONE BUT FIRST CLASS COMPANIES REPRESENTED. 

By promptness, industry and fair dealing, we aim to merit 
the confidence and give satisfaction to those who may intrust 
their business to our charge. 

WM. M. SEARING & SON. 



pjkv k ii a zonr 



UNITED STATES SPRIG COMPANY. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



General Depot, 113 Chambers Street, 

NEW YORK. 



ANALYSIS OF 



PAVILION SPRING WATER. UNITED STATES SPRING WATER. 



Chloride of Sodium 459.903 gr: 

Chloride of Potassium . . 7.660 

Bromide of Sodium 987 

Iodide of Sodium 071 

Fluoride of Calcium atrace. 

Bicarbonate of Lithia ... 9.486 

Bicarbonate of Soda 3.764 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia 76.264 
Bicarbonate of Lime .... 120.169 
Bicarbonate of Strontia.a trace. 
Bicarbonate of Baryta. . . .875 

Bicarbonate of Iron 2.570 

Sulphate of Potassa 2.032 

Phosphate of Soda 007 

Biborate of Soda a trace . 

Alumina 329 

Silica 3.155 

Organic matter atrace. 

Total grains 687.275 .. 

Carbonic Acid Gas, 332.458 cu- 
bic inches. Density, 1.0075, con- 
tained in U. S. gallon, 231 cubic 
inches. 



. 141.872 grains. 
. 8.624 

.844 

.047 " 
.atrace. 
. 4.S47 
. 4.666 
. 72.883 " 
. 93.119 

.018 

.909 " 

.714 " 
. none. 

.016 " 
.atrace. 

.094 
. 3.184 
atrace. 



331.837 



Carbonic Acid Gas, 245.734 cu- 
bic inches. Density, 1.0035, con- 
tained in U. S. gallon, 231 cubic 
inches. 



C. F. CHANDLER, 

Professor of Analytical and Applied Chemistry. 



DM. HAMILTON'S 




tlffff 



Crescent Hotel, Broadway, Saratoga Springs, 

Offers special inducements to those seeking health or recrea- 
tion. Its location is unequaled, being immediately opposite the 
Congress Spring and Park. 

The Parlors are large and nicely furnished. The Rooms are 
unsurpassed in pleasantness, and afford a magnificent view. 

Calisthenic exercises are practiced daily in the gymnasium, and 
are open to the guests of the house. 

The Boarding department is of the first order. 

Special attention is given to 

FEMALE LUNG- AND CHEONIC DISEASES ; 

and, in addition to the ordinary medicinal agents, every remedial 
appliance which has been proved beneficial by experience, and 
received the sanction of the profession, is employed. Among 
these the CELEBRATED SWEDISH MOVEMENT CURE, 
ELECTRO-CHEMICAL BATHS, OXYGENATED AIR, THE 
HEALTH LIFT, INHALATIONS, THE VARIED RESOURCES 
OF HYDROPATHY, etc., are included. 

REFERENCES: 

Rev. BISHOP SIMPSON, D. D., Philadelphia, F Pa. 

Rev. J. P. NEWMAN, D. D., Washington, D. C. 

HENRY WELLS, Esq., President American Express Company, 

Aurora, N. Y. 
Rev. JAMES M. KINO, Saratoga Springs. 
Prof. H. A. WILSON, 
H. H. HATHORN, ESQ., 

ETC. ETC. ETC. 

For Pamphlet, giving further references, advantages, appli- 
ances, certificates of remarkable cures, etc., address 

R. HAMILTON, M. D. 



JftJ 



10 

DES. STROMAS 

ttiiiit ttitfft 

On Circular, between Spring and Phila Sts., 

Is unsurpassed for beauty of location and accessibility to the principal 
Springs. This Institution was established in 1855, for the special 
treatment of 

LUNCt, female m VARIOUS chronic diseases. 

During the Fall and Winter the Institute has been doubled in size to 
meet the necessities of its increased patronage. It is now the largest 
health institution in Saratoga, and is unsurpassed in the variety of its 
remedial appliances by any in this country. In the elegance and com- 
pleteness of its appointments it is unequaled. The building is heated 
by steam, so that in the coldest weather the air of the house is like 
that of summer. 

The Proprietors, Drs. S. S. and S. E. STRONG, are graduates of the 
Medical Department of the New York University, and are largely pa- 
tronized by the medical profession. 

In addition to the ordinary remedial agencies used in general prac- 
tice, they employ 

THE EQUALIZER OR VACUUM TREATMENT, 

ELECTRO THERMAL BATHS, 

Sulphur Air Baths, Russian Baths, Turkish Baths, 

HYDROPATHY, SWEDISH MOVEMENT CUBE, 

OXYGEN GAS, GYMNASTICS, &c. 

For particulars of the Institution call or send for Circulars on Lung 
Female and Chronic Diseases, and on our Appliances. Address— 

Bx«g. S. S. & S 6 £. STRONG, 

REMEDIAL INSTITUTE, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



SARATOGA AND HOW TO SEE IT. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Saeatoga, for a long time the most fashionable watering 
place in the world, is still increasing in reputation and 
popularity every year. 

Its wonderful mineral springs, so diverse in their con- 
stituents and medical properties, have continued to send 
forth their healing waters of unimpaired strength, while 
others of equal virtue and more varied composition, flow- 
ing from newly developed fountains, are increasing the 
wide range of their adaptation. Within a few years so 
many changes have occurred by the retubing of old springs 
and the discovery of several new ones, that strangers and 
invalids are more than ever perplexed to know the pecul- 
iarities of each, and the one specially adapted to their 
necessities. When the waters should be drank, how often 
and how much, are questions of interest to every visitor. 

To supply the information so many desire in regard to 
the springs, and to place before every visitor to Saratoga, 
in a few words and at a moderate price, an account of its 
attractions and advantages, is the object of this little pam- 
phlet. We have endeavored to make the work impartial 
and reliable, and^without fear or favor, and, as such, it is the 
only work on the Saratoga Springs now published. 



12 

Winding through the center of the village, and extend- 
ing several miles beyond it on either side, is a shallow 
valley, in which are situated the 

MINERAL SPRINGS, 
the most celebrated in the world. There are in the imme- 
diate vicinity nearly thirty springs of acknowledged 
medicinal value. These thirty, which comprise the Sara- 
toga Springs, are in the center of the crescent-shaped valley, 
the west horn of which is Ballston, and the east, Quaker 
Springs. The High Rock spring was the first discovered. 
Sir Wm. Johnson was carried to it by the Indians in 1767. 

Most of the springs belong to the class known as carbon- 
ated, though some of them possess the properties of the 
sulphureted, the chalybeate and the saline. The mineral 
matter consists chiefly of chloride of sodium or common 
salt, carbonates of magnesia, lime, soda and lithia, and the 
sulphates of potassa, together with a small amount of other 
substances. The solvent power which holds all these solid 
substances in solution, and which gives them their agree- 
able taste, is the carbonic acid gas with which the water is 
so freely charged. 

This free carbonic acid gas is probably formed by the 
decomposition of the carbonates which compose the rock. 
The water, impregnated with it, becomes a powerful solv- 
ent, and, passing through different strata, absorbs the 
various mineral substances which compose its solid con- 
stituents. Through faults and ordinary fractures in the 
earth's crust extending through several geological strata, 



13 

these waters rise to the surface, forced up, it is supposed, 
by hydrostatic pressure and that of the gas. 

Numerous have been the attempts to prepare artificial 
spring waters, but with little success. The most eminent 
chemists and scientific men now acknowledge its impracti- 
cability. There may be substances which the chemistry 
of the present day fails to discover, and the chemical 
laboratory of nature can only be imitated, never equaled. 

We may analyze the acorn, but we cannot produce from 
the results obtained any thing more than a faint resem- 
blance, which lacks its peculiar properties as well as 
its life principle. Artificial waters are dangerous, and do 
a double injustice, to the person who expects benefit from 
them, and to the natural waters. 

Those who wish nature's remedies should obtain them 
direct from her laboratory. 

Before giving a detailed account of the principal springs, 
we devote a few words to their 

GENERAL PROPERTIES. 

These are almost as various as the fountains from which 
the mineral waters flow. Cathartic, tonic, alterative and 
diuretic, and sulphur water, of varied shade and differing 
strength, are found in Saratoga. Each spring has its own 
peculiar virtues that adapt it to certain forms of disease. 
Hence, it follows that mineral waters should not be drank 
promiscuously, but under the direction of a competent 
physician, who thoroughly understands the composition 
and peculiarities of each, if the utmost benefit would be 



14 

obtained. Many imagine that if the waters do no good 
they certainly cannot do harm. A mistake this, and one 
which may result in serious injury. 

Whatever* claims the owners of some of the springs may 
advance, it should be known that all the cathartic waters 
are liable to do more injury than good in Consumption and 
many diseases of the lungs. 

Many of the mineral springs of the old world are under 
the charge of superintendents appointed by law, and 
invalids are not permitted to use the waters without direc- 
tions from a physician. What wonder, then, if many who 
come here with a vague idea of drinking the waters, and 
who select simply the spring which happens to be the most 
popular, should go away having experienced little benefit. 
Persons in good health, however, find the waters a pleasant 
and invigorating beverage, and, when taken in proper 
quantities, uninjurious. General directions for drinking 
the waters are given elsewhere, and, under the description 
of the different springs, may be found a statement of their 
particular properties. 

There is no doubt of their power to promote evacuations 
of effete accumulations from the kidneys, skin and bowels. 

Prof. J. W. Draper, the eminent physiologist, in speak- 
ing of the springs, says: "They restore suppressed, and 
correct vitiated secretions, and so renovate health, and are 
also the means of introducing many medicines into the 
system in a state of minute subdivision, in which they 
exert a powerful alterative and curative action." 



15 

CONGRESS SPRING, 
in Congress Park, on Congress street. Congress and Em- 
pire Spring Company, proprietors. This spring, discovered 
in 1792, was for many years the property of Dr. John Clarke, 
by whom its waters were first bottled for sale. The busi- 
ness was afterward conducted by Messrs. Clarke & White, 
to whose enterprise and liberality the town now owes much 
of its attractiveness. 

This celebrated spring has been for many years a center 
of attraction in Saratoga. Its name has become a house- 
hold word, and the whole civilized world are its customers. 

When taken before breakfast, the water is a very pleasant 
and effective cathartic. Drank in moderate quantities 
throughout the day, it is a delightful beverage, its effects 
being alterative and slightly tonic. It is successfully used 
in affections of the liver and kidneys, and for chronic con- 
stipation, dyspepsia, gout and cutaneous diseases it is 
highly valued. The dose of the Congress when used as a 
cathartic is from one to three glasses. 

It should be remembered that the water of this spring is 
sold in bottles only. What purports to be Congress water 
for sale on draught in various places throughout the coun- 
try is not genuine. The artificial preparations thus imposed 
upon the public have a certain resemblance in taste and 
appearance, but are frequently worse than worthless for 
medicinal purposes. 

ANALYSIS. 

The solid and gaseous contents of this water, according 
to an analysis made by Dr. John H. Steele, are as 
follows : 



1G 




^llljlll 



17 

Chloride of Sodium 385.000 grains. 

Hydriodate of Soda .... 3.500 " 

Bi-Carbonate of Soda 8.982 " 

Bi-Carbonate of Magnesia •. 95.788 " 

Carbonate of Lime 98.098 " 

Silex and Alumina 1.500 " 

Carbonate of Iron .075 " 

Hydro-Bromate of Potash a trace. 

Solid contents in a gallon 597.943 " 

Carbonic Acid Gas 811 cu. inches. 

Atmospheric Air 7 " • 

Gaseous contents in a gallon SIS " 



COLUMBIAN SPRING, 

in Congress Park, near Congress Spring, and owned by the 
same company, was first tubed by Gideon Putnam, about 
the year 1805. 

It is a fine chalybeate or iron water, possessing strong 
tonic properties. It also has a diuretic action, and is 
extensively used for that purpose. The water is recom- 
mended to be drank in small quantities, frequently during 
the day, generally preceded by the use of the cathartic 
waters taken before breakfast. Only from one-half to one 
glass should be taken at a time. Its use is found to 
strengthen the tone of the stomach, and to increase the red 
particles in the blood, which, according to Liebeg, perform 
an important part in respiration. 

ANALYSIS. 

The specific gravity of this water is 1007.3 — its solid 
and gaseous contents as follows : 



18 

Chloride of Sodium 267.00 grains. 

Bi-Carbonate of Soda 15.40 " 

Bi-Carbonatc of Magnesia 46.71 " 

Hydriodate of Soda 2.56 " 

Carbonate of Lime 68.00 " 

Carbonate of Iron 5.53 " 

Silex 2.05 

Hydro-Bromate of Potash, scarcely a trace. 

Solid contents in a gallon 407.30 " 

Carbonic Acid Gas 272.06 cu. inches. 

Atmospheric Air 4.50 " 

276.56 

THE CRYSTAL SPRING 
in Park Place, Broadway, opposite Congress Park. C. R. 
Brown, Proprietor. 

This spring was discovered and tubed in 1870, since 
which time it has become widely known. The analysis 
and properties are well set forth on page 70. 

EMPIRE SPRING, 
situated near the base of a high limestone bluff in the 
northerly part of the village, a few rods above the Star 
Spring, and about three-fourths of a mile from the Con- 
gress. Owned by the Congress and Empire Spring Com- 
pany. O. H. Cromwell, Superintendent. 

The water of this spring has a general resemblance to 
that of the Congress. In the cathartic effects of the two 
waters the difference is scarcely appreciable, although from 
the presence of a larger quantity of magnesia in the Con- 
gress, its operation is perhaps somewhat more pungent. 
The Empire is highly esteemed for the treatment of obscure 
and chronic diseases requiring alterative and diuretic 
remedies. It is also recommended as a preventive or 
remedy for the diseases natural to warm climates, especially 



19 




20 

intermittent, gastric and bilious fevers, dysenteries and 
disorders of the liver. The directions for using are the 
same as for the Congress. 

The proprietors have published a pamphlet, descriptive 
of their several springs, in which an interesting account of 
their history and medicinal properties may be found at 
greater length than can be given in the limits of the present 
publication. The pamphlet may be obtained gratis at the 
Empire Spring bottling-house, or at the company's office, 
in Congress street. 

EUREKA MINERAL SPRING, 
on Lake Avenue, about a mile east of Broadway. Eureka 
Spring Co. , Proprietors ; A. R. Dyett, President. 

The scenery in the vicinity of the Spring is very roman- 
tic and picturesque, and embraces a beautiful park of some 
25 acres. The waters are of special service in dyspepsia and 
kindred diseases, and are similar in properties and analysis 
to the other Saratoga springs. The waters are bottled, and 
may be found in New York and other cities. A few rods 
from the Eureka, and in the same park, the 

WHITE SULPHUR SPRING, 
of Saratoga, belonging to the same company, is situated. 
A large and commodious Bathing-house, containing fifty 
bath rooms, with excellent and ample accommodations and 
superior facilities, affords warm and cold Sulphur Water 
Baths. 

The Sulphur Spring is said to be unsurpassed by 
any in this State. There is now no reason why invalids 
should resort to the other sulphur springs of the State, 



21 



when they can find here sulphur water at least fully equal 
to any, while they enjoy the additional benefits of the 
varied mineral springs of Saratoga. 

THE EXCELSIOR SPRING, 
A. R. Lawrence & Co. , proprietors, is in a beautiful valley 
and amid most romantic scenery, about a mile north-east of 
the village. 

It may be reached by passing up Spring avenue, which 
has just been graded and handsomely laid out, or by Lake 
avenue. The finest walk in Saratoga is through the woods 
to the Excelsior Spring. The water-works and Excelsior 
Lake, as well as the Mansion House, are in the immediate 
vicinity of the spring. 




This spring is a pleasant cathartic, and has also alterative, 
diuretic and tonic properties, and is moreover a very 



22 

delightful beverage. Two or three glasses in the morning 
is the dose as a cathartic. As an alterative and diuretic, it 
should be taken in small quantities during the day. The 
highest medical authority of this country have indorsed 
this spring as possessing very valuable medicinal properties. 
It is one of the most delicious waters found in this mineral 
valley. While it is bottled extensively, it is also supplied 
in barrels, by a peculiar method, for selling on draught. 
The tubing of the Spring is 56 feet in depth. Twelve feet 
below its surface, a block tin tube conveys the water into 
reservoirs or barrels, made gas-tight by a lining of pure 
block tin. These barrels are furnished with two tubes, 
one of which extends from the top nearly the entire length 
of the barrel, and the other, a short tube, is merely fitted 
into the top. Then, by filling the barrel through the long 
tube by hydrostatic pressure, the air is excluded and the 
gas is not allowed to escape. 

When sold on draught, it is necessary simply to connect 
the long tube with a draught pipe, and the short tube 
with an air pump, when the water can be forced out by the 
pressure of the air and will flow forth sparkling and deli- 
cious with its natural gas as at the spring. 

The gentlemanly proprietors have illustrated circulars 
showing the process, and will explain to visitors their pecu- 
liar method with great courtesy. 

In the immediate vicinity of the Excelsior are the 

TEN SPRINGS, 
undeveloped as yet, but possessing varied medicinal prop- 
erties. 



23 



HAMILTON SPRING, 

on Spring street, corner of Putnam, in the rear of Congress 
Hall, and a short distance from Hathorn spring. Its prin- 
cipal action is diuretic, and, in large doses, cathartic. The 
mineral ingredients are the same as those of the other 
springs, but, owing to the peculiar combination, the 
medicinal effects are widely different. It has been found 
of great service in kidney complaints. From one to three 
glasses during the day is the usual dose. It should be 
used under the prescription of a physician, and warm 
drinks slould not be taken immediately after. It is not 

bcttled. 

HATHORN SPRING, 

on Spring street, just above Congress Hall. H. H. Hathorn, 
proprietor. This spring is centrally and conveniently 
located. It was discovered and tubed in 1868. 

It is a cathartic water, similar in some respects to the 
Congress, but possessing a larger amount and variety of 
mineral properties, some of which are not generally found 
in this class of waters. Dose from one to three glasses in 
the morning. 

ANALYSIS BY PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, COLUMBIA COLLEGE 
SCHOOL OF MINES. 



Chloride of Sodium... 509.968 grains. 
Chloride of Potassium 9.597 " 
Bromide of Sodium... 1.534 " 

Iodide of Sodium 198 " 

Fluoride of Calcium., a trace. 
Bicarbonate of Lithia. 11.447 " 
Bicarbonate of Soda.. 4.288 " 
Bicarbonate Magnesia. 176.463 " 
Bicarbonate of Lime.. 170.646 " 
Bicarbonate Strontia. . a trace. 



Bicarbonate of Baryta 1.737 grains. 
Bicarbonate of Iron . . 1.128 " 
Sulphate of Potassa . . none. 
Phosphate of Soda ... .006 " 

Biborate of Soda a trace. 

Alumina 131 " 

Silica 1.260 " 

Organic matter a trace. 

Total solid contents. 



Carbonic acid gas in one gallon, 375.747 inches. Density, 1.009. 



24 

HIGH ROCK SPRING, 
on Willow Walk, near the Seltzer and Star Springs. High 
Rock Spring Co., proprietors. Win. Slocum, Superin- 
tendent. 

The High Rock, oldest in point of discovery of the Sara- 
toga springs, was the Bethesda of the Indians, and by them 
regarded with the greatest reverence. Its waters have been 
used by white men for over a hundred years, and still 
retain a good degree of popularity. The rock which gives 
the spring its name is still regarded as one of the greatest 
curiosities of the world; and although remote from the 
large hotels, is visited annually by large numbers of people. 
Similar deposits of mineral matter, forming calcareous tufa 
which constitutes High Rock, have been found at the 
surfaces of other springs ; but this is the great specimen. 
The following are the dimensions of the rock : Circumfer- 
ence, 24 feet, 4 inches; height, 8 feet, G inches ; diameter 
of aperature, 4 inches — below the top, 1 foot; weight, 
about 8 tons. 

The rock is a hollow cone or pyramid, whose walls are 
of nearly even thickness. Of the genuineness of this rock 
there can be no doubt. Thousands of years were neces- 
sary for its formation, which can be traced by the rings or 
circles of deposit marking each year. 

The proprietors of the High Rock Spring have issued a 
very interesting pamphlet, containing a full account of the 
High Rock and a history of the mineral spring. We com- 
mend this work to those who wish a more complete account 
than we have room to give of this marvelous work of 
nature. The pamphlet may be obtained at the spring. 



^0 



The recent tubing, which is about ten feet south of the 
mouth of the old spring, has greatly improved its quality, 
and it now bottles free from sediment, and preserves its 
refreshing taste and medicinal properties for years. It is a 
very superior tonic and cathartic, as well as alterative. It 
may be drank at any time during the day. 

Three or four glasses before breakfast will produce a 
cathartic effect. 




In 1868 a superb colonnade — a pavilion within a pavil- 
ion — was erected over the spring, at an expense of over 
$5,000. It is of Gothic architecture, surmounted by a 
mosque-like dome and an immense gilded eagle, making 
it indeed a most attractive pagoda. 



27 



GEYSER OR SPOUTING SPRING, 
about a mile and a half below the village on the Ballston 
road and near the railroad. 

This wonderful mineral fountain was discovered in 
February, 1870. There had been indications of mineral 
springs in this neighborhood for a long time. Messrs Vail 
and Seavy, the owners of the bolt factory beneath which 
the fountain was discovered, determined to bore for a 
spring. They were successful, and when they had reached 
a point 140 feet below the surface rock, they struck the 
mineral vein. The water immediately burst forth with 
vehemence, and the marvelous phenomenon of a spouting 
spring was established. 

The orifice bored in the rock is 5-J inches in diameter 
and 140 feet deep, 80 feet in the strata of slate and 60 feet 
in the birdseye limestone. The water continues to spout 
incessantly to the height of about 25 feet. 

The tubing is a block-tin pipe encased with iron, 85 feet 
in length and two inches in diameter. It is noticeable that 
when a portion of the stream is directed to the bottling 
room for bottling purposes the fountain spouts to an 
unusual height. 

The temperature of the spring is 46 deg. Fahr. being 
only 14 deg. from the freezing point. The water, an 
analysis of which is given elsewhere, is the most strongly 
impregnated with mineral and medicinal substances of any 
spring in the world. As the water is drawn from the 
fountain it foams like soda water, from the great abund- 



28 

ance of carbonic acid gas, which gives it a very agreeable 
taste. It is strongly cathartic, alterative and tonic; dose 
from one to two glasses. The waters are now being bot- 
tled, and are sold in all the leading cities of America and 
Europe. 

The fact that the spring is located 140 feet beneath the 
solid rock renders it free from all impurities of surface 
waters. 

In the immediate vicinity of the spring is a beautiful 
cascade, lake and ravine, a white sulphur spring and the 
Ellis Spring, all objects of interest. 

The Geyser Spring is one of the greatest attractions of 
Saratoga, and no visitor should fail to see it and taste its 
sparkling water. 

THE PAVILION SPRING. 

Pavilion Spring Co., proprietors. S. W. Frost, Sec'y 
and Supt. , in the valley, a few rods east of Broadway, be- 
tween Lake avenue and Caroline street. 

This spring, although discovered long before, was not 
tubed till 1839. 

In 1869 the spring was retubed, and by moving the tube 
down ten feet to the solid rock, the mineral quality 
increased. 

The location' of the Pavilion Spring is central, being only 
a few steps from the business portion of the village and the 
various hotels. The water possesses a pungent taste, and is 
pleasant and exhilarating. In general, the properties are 
cathartic, diuretic and tonic. It is particularly good in 
billious diseases, scrofula, rheumatism, etc. 



29 




The sulphate of potassa and the bicarbonate of lithia 
in large quantity are found only in this spring. The use 
of the waters increase the appetite and digestion. As a 
cathartic, from one to four glasses should be taken in the 
morning. The water was first bottled in 1840. The present 
company was formed in 1868, and since the Spring has 
been retubed, the waters are having a more extended sale. 

A very elegant colonnade in the beautiful park surround- 
ing it renders the spring attractive to visitors. Within a 
few feet of the Pavilion, and under the same colonnade, is the 



30 



UNITED STATES SPRING. 

While excavating for the purpose of retubing the Pavilion 
spring, a new spring, flowing from the east, was discovered. 

This has been tubed, its waters analyzed, and they are 
now presented to the public. 

This water is more gentle in its action and more tonic 
in its effects. As a tonic, from a half to two tumblers 
several times during the day is necessary. 

PUTNAM SPRING, 

on Phila street, near Broadway. Used chiefly for bathing 
purposes. It is a tonic or chalybeate, and, as this goes to 
press, is being re-tubed. 

THE RED SPRING 

is located on Spring avenue, at the junction of Geneva and 
Warren streets, a few rods above the Empire spring. 
John A. Carpenter & Co. , proprietors. 

This spring, though over a century old, and of acknowl- 
edged medicinal value, has net been properly appreciated 
until recently. 

In 1867 it was retubed and renovated, and since that 
time, under the direction of its present enterprising pro- 
prietors, its popularity has been rapidly increasing and its 
properties better understood. 

Since last season an elegant pavilion and a neat and 
tasteful bottling-house have been erected. 

This Spring is widely different from any other in Sara- 
toga, and possesses peculiar merit. In a general sense, its 



31 

therapeutic effects are alterative, but it possesses a particu- 
lar adaptation to inflamed mucous surfaces. In cutaneous 
diseases it has a high reputation. In many cases of chronic 
dyspepsia, it has been of the greatest service. Snuffed up 
the nostrils for nasal catarrh, it removes the inflammation 
from the mucous surface, as it does from the stomach or 
bowels when taken internally. Its general effect is to tone 
up the system, regulate the secretions and vitalize the 
blood, thereby creating a better appetite and better assimu- 
lation. It is claimed, by those who have tried it, to be a 
sure cure for salt rheum, etc. 

Many persons are benefited by this water who cannot 
bear the more saline springs. 

SELTZER SPRING. 

" Saratoga Seltzer Spring Co.," proprietors. Perhaps no 
one of the springs attracts more visitors or gratifies the 
curious more than the Seltzer. 

It is situated about 150 feet from the High Rock 
spring, but, although in such close proximity thereto, its 
water is entirely different, thus illustrating the wonderful 
extent and capacity of nature's subterranean laboratory. 

The owners of the Seltzer spring have an ingenious con- 
trivance for exhibiting the flow of the water and its gas. 
It consists of a glass tube, three feet in height and fifteen 
inches in diameter, nicely adjusted to the mouth of the 
spring, through which the sweet, clear, sparkling water 
gushes in a steady volume, while, faster than the water, 
bubble up the glittering globules of pure carbonic acid gas. 



32 

The spring was discovered several years ago, but only 
recently was it tubed so as to be available. The tube 
extends down thirty -four feet to the surface of the founda- 
tion rock. The crevice in the rock through which the 
water issues is about twelve inches by five. The column 
of water above the rock is thirty-seven feet high. The 
flow of gas is abundant and constant, but every few 
minutes, as the watchful visitor will observe, there is a 
momentary ebullition of an extraordinary quantity which 
causes the water in the tube to boil over the rim. When 
the sunshine falls upon the fountain it presents a beautiful 
appearance. 

This is the only Seltzer spring in this country. The 
character of the water is almost identical with that of the 
celebrated Nassau spring of Germany, which is justly 
esteemed so delicious by the natives of the " Fatherland." 
Our German citizens, with their usual sagacity, have dis- 
covered this fact, and the consumption of the water by 
them is daily on the increase. 

The importance of this American Seltzer spring will be 
somewhat appreciated by the reader, when informed of the 
fact that nearly two millions of stone jugs, holding one 
quart each, of the Nassau Seltzer are annually exported 
from Germany. 

The water of this spring is very pleasant to the taste, 
being slightly acidulous and saline, but much milder than 
that of the other Saratoga springs. It is an agreeable and 
wholesome beverage. When mixed with still wines, etc. , 
it adds the peculiar flavor only to be derived from a pure, 



33 




The Turkish, Eussian and other Baths, 

Together with other REMEDIAL APPLIANCES, which have 
been introduced in elegant and expensive style in 

Drs. STRONG'S REMEDIAL INSTITUTE, 

For the special benefit of the guests of the Institution, are also 
OPEN TO THE VISITORS and CITIZENS of SARATOGA. 



Hours : For Gentlemen — From 10.00 a. m. to 9.00 p. m. on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Satur- 
days, and from 3.00 p. M. to 9.00 P. M. on the days allotted to Ladies. For Ladies— From 10.00 
A. M. to 2.00 P. M. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 

E. R: STEVENS, Jr., 

BOOKSELLER & STATIONER, 

80 & 82 Broadway, SARATOGA SPRINGS, 

DEALER IN LADIES' AXD GENTLEMEN'S 

FASHIONABLE NOTE PAPERS AND ENVELOPES. 
Fine English and French Note Papers in great variety. 

ELEGANT INITIAL PAPER IN FANCY BOXES. 

Visiting and Wedding Cards engraved in the latest and most 
fashionable styles. 

NEW PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED AS SOON AS ISSUED. 

Always in Stock a fine selection of Standard "Works. School Books, 
Blank Books, Stationery of all kinds. 

1«R EANCY GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY, AND SHEET MUSIC. 
A Liberal Discount made on Library Orders and to Music Teachers. 

3 



34 

J. R. WOOD & WATERS, 

Announce that they have fitted up an Elegant 

BAwttrs mm 

UNDER THE CRESCENT HOTEL, 

COR. BROADWAY AND CONGRESS STREET. 

Connected with the establishment are 

First Glass BatMig Reams, 

FOE WAEM AND COLD BATHS, 

O^PZEJZKT .A.T ALL ZHZOTT^S. 

LADIES', GENTS', MISSES' ani CHILDREN'S ~ 

§00*0, ghm mu\ ^&Mm, 

A GOOD ASSORTMENT CONSTANTLY ON HAND. 

J. L. LUCAS, - 102 Broadway, 

Manufacturer of Lucas' Great Russian Leather Preservative and 
Waterproof Dressing. 

S. R. STODDAED, 

GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

PUBLISHER OF STEREOSCOPIC AND LARGE VIEWS OF 

Glens Falls, Lake George, over 300 different views, Ruins at Ticon- 

deroga, The Adirondack Wilderness, Schroon Lake, 

Saratoga, Luzerne, etc., etc. 



35 

natural Seltzer. It enlivens them and gives them the 
character of sparkling wines. 

Its use as a refreshing beverage and for its remedial 
qualities is already widely extended, and its popularity 
rapidly on the increase. 

Saratoga possesses numerous objects of interest for the 
German population, surpassing even the famous Spas of 
Europe, and the discovery of the Seltzer will doubtless 
attract large numbers of this intelligent and genial people. 

The analysis of both the Saratoga and the German Selt- 
zer springs is given on page 51. 

THE STAR SPRING, 

on Willow Walk, near the termination of Circular street. 
Star Spring Company, proprietors ; A. Putnam, Jr. , Supt. 
Reached from Front street by steps. 

The waters of this spring have been used for a long time, 
and have a high reputation. By the recent retubing their 
mineral quality has been increased and rendered purer. 
The water is a pleasant beverage, differing somewhat in 
taste from the other springs. By recent inventions of the 
superintendent, Mr. Putnam, the water is now presented 
to the public in a new way, having many advantages over 
the old method of bottling. Iron casks are lined with por- 
celain, and are provided with Mr. Putnam's patent faucet, 
which absolutely prevents the escape of gas while drawing 
the water, or at any time. The faucet consists of several 
air chambers, closely fitted together, with valves, and con- 
necting with a block-tin tube, reaching to the top of the 
cask. By these inventions the proprietor feels confident 



36 

that even champagne might be barreled, so difficult or im- 
possible is it for the gas to escape. Among other advan- 
tages of this novel method of putting up water, is its 
cheapness, and the privilege of being able to obtain a drink 
of Saratoga water at a moment's notice. The water is also 
bottled in the usual way for those wlio prefer. In 1870 the 
Star Company erected the handsome structure in which 
their casks and bottles are now filled. 

The office is very elegant, and Mr. Wright, their book- 
keeper, has adorned it with a large variety of beautiful 
plants and flowers. 

SAKATOGA "A" SPRING, 
located a few rods from the Red spring. The bottling- 
house was burned down in 1867, but it is expected that a 
fine building will soon be erected, and an elegant pavilion 
placed over the spring. The water is cathartic in its effects, 
and quite drinkable. 

The spring is open during the visiting season, and is 
bottled for sale. 

WASHINGTON SPRING, 

in the grounds of the Clarendon Hotel, South Broadway, 
sometimes called the " Champagne spring," on account of 
its sparkling properties. This is one of the pleasantest 
waters in Saratoga. It is a delicious beverage as well as a 
superior tonic. The grounds in the immediate vicinity are 
very picturesque, and are thronged by the most fashionable. 
In the evening, the grounds are lighted by gas, and large 
numbers visit the spring. It was first tubed in 1806, be- 
fore any other in this mineral valley. We learn that in 
1828 "the waters of this fountain were seldom drank on 



3? 

recount of its remote situation, but were resorted to by the 
indigent for the purpose of external application, and were 
found to be of eminent service when applied to old, ill-con- 
ditioned ulcers, and obstinate eruptions of the skin."* 

At the present day it is one of the most popular springs. 

It was never properly tubed till 1858-9, when the tubing 
was accomplished with the greatest difficulty. The water 
is bottled to some extent. The dose is from one to two 
glasses. It should be used for a long time to secure the 
full benefit. 

In the same grounds, and within one or two rods, is the 
Leland Spring, which at the present writing has not been 
developed. 

ELLIS SPRING, 

on the Ballston road near the Geyser. This is the only 
spring which flows in a horizontal direction, issuing from 
the hillside and flowing down the valley. It is very similar 
to the Columbian in its properties. It has been long 
known, but is used very little. It is a pleasant beverage. 

Mineral water has been found in other localities, but at 
present the above is a complete list of the Saratoga 
Mineral Springs. 

We have endeavored to represent them fairly, and in our 
description of them have stated nothing that we have not 
had ample reason to believe. 

DIRECTIONS FOR DRINKING THE WATERS. 

It is impossible to give complete and invariable directions 

for drinking any of the waters. 

* An analysis of the mineral waters of Saratoga and Ballston, by Dr. 
J. H. Steel, 1828. 



38 

The experience and necessities of each individual can 
alone determine many things in regard to their use. 

It is advisable to consult some experienced resident 
physician who understands the properties of all of the 
springs and yet has no immediate interest in either of them. 

The cathartic waters, as a cathartic, should be taken 
only before breakfast in the morning, and possibly before 
retiring at night, because in the morning the body, 
refreshed by sleep, is best prepared for the water, and the 
stomach is empty. The water should be drank slowly, and, 
if more than one glass is taken, it should be after a suitable 
interval. Before eating, the sipping of a little tea or coffee 
will make the waters more efficacious. 

None of the cathartic waters should be drank immedi- 
ately before, during or within two hours after meals, as 
they are then liable to disturb digestion and prevent 
nutrition. 

As an alterative, the waters should be drank in small 
quantities at various intervals during the day. As their 
alterative effect is from the absorption of the water, the 
quantity taken should be small. 

The chalybeate or tonic waters are liable to cause head- 
ache when taken before breakfast. They may be used with 
benefit before or after dinner and tea. Only from a half to 
one glass should be taken at a time. 

The diuretic waters should be drank before meals, and 
at night, and should not be followed by warm drinks. 

The enormous quantities of water which some persons 
imbibe at the popular springs is perfectly shocking, and 
can only be injurious. It is no uncommon occurrence to 



39 

see persons drink from five to ten glasses of Congress or 
Hathorn water with scarcely any interval, and the writer 
has heard of a lady who swallowed within a few minutes 
fourteen glasses of one of the springs. It is to be pre- 
sumed that her thirst was satisfied, as no further account 
of her has been given. 

Those who are taking a course of mineral water will 
usually find their appetite increased thereby. 

An abundance of vegetables should be avoided, and only 
those which are perfectly fresh should be used. 

Frequent bathing in mineral water and otherwise will be 
found beneficial. 

BOTTLING THE WATERS. 

The first attempt to extend the benefits of the spring 
water beyond the limits of Saratoga was made by Gideon 
Putnam. He secured two large potash kettles for evapo- 
rating the mineral water, and sold in packages, quite exten- 
sively, the salts which were precipitated. It was not long, 
however, before it was discovered that spring water could 
not be reproduced by dissolving these salts. About the year 
1826 the bottling of the water was first commenced by 
Dr. John Clarke, at Congress Spring, and, since that time, 
has become a very flourishing and extensive business. The 
work of bottling at the principal springs is kept up during 
the year, except for a few weeks of the fashionable season. 

The present mode, in its various processes, requires con- 
siderable care and time before the cases of water are shipped 
to the market. Particular attention is paid to the cleansing 
of the bottles. The finest of corks are imported, and are 



40 

first soaked in hot water, till they become perfectly com- 
pressible. The spring water is pumped into the bottling 
house through block-tin pipes, and from a small receiver 
the bottles are filled. The corks are then driven in by 
machinery and the bottles packed away in bins of several 
hundred dozen. 

Here they are allowed to remain four or five days, to test 
the strength of the bottles and to ascertain if any of the 
corks are leaky. 

The expansioiyof the gas is so great that it requires 
strong bottles to retain it. Where imperfections exist, as 
they frequently do, the bottles will burst, sometimes with 
a loud report. 

Having been thoroughly tested, the corks of the bottles 
are secured by a copper wire and packed in the cases with 
great care. When the case is filled, the packer walks on 
the bottles, to again test their strength and to prevent any 
liability of breakage after the boxes leave the establish- 
ment. With all these precautions, it is no wonder that the 
cases of spring water, however roughly handled, always 
reach their destination perfectly secure, and without the 
escape of the carbonic acid gas. 

The amount of the water which is bottled in this manner 
at some of the springs amounts to two hundred dozen bot- 
tles a day. 

To supply the bottles for this immense business, a large 

GLASS FACTORY 
has been erected by the Congress and Empire Spring Com- 
pany, south of the village and near the railroad, and is 
well worth a visit. 



41 



HOTELS. 

Saratoga has the largest and most extensive in the world. 
There are in all from thirty to forty, and, in addition, 
numerous public and private boarding-houses accomo- 
date large numbers of guests. We have room to notice 
only the largest and best. 

The gem of Saratoga, and one of the finest, if not the 
finest, hotel in this country is 

CONGRESS HALL. 

Extending from Spring to Congress street, with a front 
on Broadway of 416 feet, and reaching with its two mam- 
moth wings 300 feet back, it is architecturally a perfect 
beauty. The rooms are large and elegant. The halls are 
10 feet wide, and broad, commodious stairways, with the 
finest elevator in the country render every portion readily 
accessible. A front piazza, 20 feet wide and 240 feet in 
length, with numerous others within the grounds, and a 
promenade on the top of the hotel affording a charming 
view, contribute to render the house attractive. The 
dining halls, parlors, etc., are superb and ample, and every 
thing about the house is on a scale of unequaled magnifi- 
cence and grandeur. 

The proprietors have endeavored to incorporate into this 
hotel every thing that can afford comfort and pleasure, at 
whatever expense. 

The cut of Congress Hall, on the cover, will give some 
idea of its outlines, but fails to do it justice. It must be 



42 

seen to be appreciated, and when seen commands the un- 
qualified admiration of the beholder. 

GRAND UNION HOTEL. 

This mammoth establishment is located on Broadway, 
opposite Congress Spring Park, and with its magnificent 
grounds embraces a space seven acres in extent, covering 
nearly an entire square. It is a splendid brick structure, 
with a street frontage of 1,364 feet. The office, parlor, 
dining room and dancing hall are unequaled for size, 
graceful architecture and splendid equipments and finish — 
the former exhibiting a lavish display of white and colored 
marbles, while a series of colonnades rise from the center 
to the dome. Within the capacious grounds are several 
elegant cottages, which are greatly sought for by the elite. 
A vertical railway, comprising the latest improvements, 
renders the six stories so easy of access as to be equally 
desirable to guests. 

The capacity of this house is greater than that of any 
other in the world. Some idea of its immensity may be 
formed from the following statistics : Length of piazzas, 
one mile ; halls, two miles ; carpeting, twelve acres ; mar- 
ble. tiling, one acre; number of rooms, eight hundred and 
twenty-four ; doors, one thousand four hundred and 
seventy-four ; windows, one thousand eight hundred and 
ninety-one. Music on the lawn morning and afternoon, 
and in the ball room every evening during the season, ia 
furnished by Wagner's New York Orchestra. 



44 

THE HOLDEN HOUSE, 
on Broadway, has been recently opened to the public by 
Mr. W. J. Riggs, formerly well known in connection with 
Broadway Hall. Every thing about this house is new, neat 
and clean. It has a central location, and is unsurpassed in 
accessibility to the business portion of the village. As a 
summer resort it is a delightful home, and travelers to 
Saratoga out of the visiting season will find it a first-class 
hotel, and probably the best kept and most desirable of 
any that are open throughout the year. 

THE CLARENDON 
is patronized by a very cultivated and select class of guests. 
Its location is very picturesque; and within its inclosure, 
surrounded by magnificent pines and covered with a superb 
pagoda, is the celebrated Washington spring. 

The Leland spring, named in honor of the affable pro* 
prietor of the hotel, is also within the grounds. 

A few steps above the new town hall, on Broadway, in a 
quiet and yet central location, is the 



45 




of which Mr. Win. C. Jones is proprietor. Last year the 
house was newly furnished throughout, and just hefore the 



46 

opening of the present season outside and inside have been 
rendered even more attractive by the painter's brush, while 
various other improvements have been made. 

The rooms of this hotel are very large and airy. A 
double piazza, 340 feet in length, entirely surrounds the 
house, affording a splendid promenade and a delightful 
place to while away a summer afternoon. The many 
brilliant equipages and dashing turnouts, which render 
Broadway so attractive, are here seen in their glory. The 
High Rock, Empire, Star and Red springs are only a few 
steps from the house. 

The proprietor designs to afford the greatest comfort and 
at reasonable rates. 

THE EVERETT HOUSE, 
on South Broadway, a few steps beyond the Clarendon, is 
well patronized by a wealthy and cultivated class of guests. 
A very pleasant piazza surrounding the front of the house, 
and a pretty lawn and cottage in the grounds, are attractive 
features of this summer hotel. The house has a home-like 
appearance and a delightful location. 



47 




THE CONTINENTAL HOTEL, 

on Washington street, is well kept, and enjoys a high 
reputation. Its rooms are very large and pleasant. It is 
well represented in the cut, and is really one of the best 
hotels of Saratoga. 



THE CRESCENT HOTEL, 
under the management of Dr. R. Hamilton, is an excellent 
place to stop. Although a medical institute is connected 
with it, it is entirely free from any objections that may be 
supposed to pertain to such, but is rendered more desirable 
thereby. Its location affords a magnificent view of Broad- 
way and Congress Park. 



48 



This House ivill be open for Boarders from 
the 17th of June to the 5th of September. 

The Rooms are large and pleasant. The 
Grounds are ample and ivell shaded. 

The Terms for Board will be from $18 to 
$25 per week, according to time, accommoda- 
tions, rooms, etc. ' Transient Board $3.50 per 
day. A discount of 10 per cent will be made 
to all clergymen actually engaged in the gos- 
pel ministry. 

Families talcen at special rates. 

The Omnibus for TEMPLE GROVE will be 
at the Station to meet all Trains. 

HENRY M. DOWD, 

PROPRIETOR. 



49 



Adirondack Verd Antique Marble Go's 



mmw iiiii in 




Situated at the Junction of the Adirondack and 
Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., 

Are prepared, on short notice and favorable terms, to fill all 
orders for work in all varieties of Marble, Foreign and Domestic. 

Jfcmis, Wmm, Centre Cables, gtmxiels, 

COUNTEEE, WAINSOQTINGr, TILING-, &o. 

designs furbished. 

The special attention of the public is called to our VERD 
ANTIQUE MARBLES, from our Quarries at Thurman, Warren 
County, which are pronounced by mineralogists and workers, 
as equal, if not superior, to any foreign marbles ever introduced 
into this country. 

Orders for all varieties of these Marbles, in block or sawed 
to dimensions, promptly filled. 

Address 

VERD ANTIQUE MARBLE CO., 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



50 

There are few places more lovely or possessing more 
attractions for those who wish retirement and rest, than 
the surroundings of the 

MANSION HOUSE, 

near the Excelsior, Eureka and White Sulphur springs and 
Excelsior Lake. Mrs. E. G. Chipman of Brooklyn, who 
has recently become the proprietress, will render it a de- 
lightful home. 

BOARDING-HOUSES 
abound in all parts of the village. Some are very large 
.and commodious, and others private and home-like. A 
list of the largest and best, so far as we have been able to 
ascertain, fs inserted elsewhere. 

The Vermont House, on Grove, corner Front street, is 
furnished in excellent style and is neat and tidy. The 
parlors and dining rooms would do credit to many of the 
hotels in point of finish. It is a well-kept boarding-house. 

The Huestis House, the Pitney House and Washington 
Hall are among the largest. Many people prefer these 
boarding-houses to the large hotels. 

THE Y. M. C. A. ROOMS 
are located on Phila street, nearly opposite the post-office. 

The location of the churches is indicated on the map 
accompanying this work. 

A church directory, giving a list of the services and the 
hours of holding them, is published every Saturday in the 
Saratoga Evening Sun and in the daily morning Saratogian. 




ANALYSIS^!! WW! OF THE 

TKADEMABK.1 

Saratoga %&t\tx Wattt 

By C. F. CHANDLER, -Ph. I>. 

In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained— 

Saratoga Seltzer. German Seltzer. 

(C. F. Chandler.) (Kastner.) 

Chloride of Sodium 134.291 grains. 132.673 grains. 

Chloride of Potassium, 1.335 " 0.469 

Bromide of Sodium, 0.630 " 0.001 

Iodide of Sodium, 0.031 " 

Fluoride of Calcium trace. 0.012 

Bicarbonate of Lithia, 0.899 " .(Kb 

Bicarbonate of Soda 29.428 " 74.773 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia, 40.3:39 " 22.354 

Bicarbonate of Lime 89.869 " 22.937 

Bicarbonate of Strontia, trace. 0.083 

Bicarbonate of Baryta, trace. 

Bicarbonate of Iron, 1.703 " 0.919 

Bicarbonate of Manganese, 0.027 

Sulphate of Potassa, 0.557 " 2.217 

Biborate of Soda., trace. 

Phosphate of Soda, trace. 2.132 

Alumina, 0.374 " trace. 

Silica, 2.561 " 1.9ft> " 

Total, 302.017 grains. 260.507 grains. 

Carbonic Acid Gas, 324.08 cu. in. 228.73 cm in. 

Temperature of Water at Spring, Saratoga, 50° Fah. 
THE SARATOGA WATER IS UNSURPASSED FOR MIXTURE WITH 

RED AND WHITE WINES. 
Orders for the Water received by 

FREDERICK ROWLEY, Superintendent, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., 
Or by EBERT & GROSVENOR, Sole Agents, Depot of the Company, 

125 Hudson Street, New York City. 
Small Bottles per Doz. $2. Large Bottles per Doz. $3. 

ALSO SOLD IN TANKS HOLDING 10 AND 20 GALLONS. 



52 



% 1 4 



(i'iij.1 




53 

This Institution is beautifully situated in a grove in the 
eastern part of the village, on what was formerly called 
Temple Hill, hence the name. The grounds occupy the 
whole square on Spring street, between Circular and Regent 
streets. 

All the noted springs of Saratoga are within a. few min- 
utes walk of the Seminary, while Congress Park is but one 
block distant. The Institution is under the efficient man- 
agement of Charles F. Dowd, A. M. , a graduate of Yale 
College, and it affords the best advantages for a complete 
and solid education. 

The "Regular Graduating Course" occupies a period of 
four years, and embraces the principal studies pursued in 
our best colleges for young men, while much liberty is 
allowed to "optional studies," which supply the more 
modern and artistic accomplishments. Every facility for 
improvement which libraries and apparatus can afford is 
found at this institution ; and the religious and moral cul- 
ture of the students is conscientiously cared for in a liberal 
and faithful Christian spirit. 

Among the patrons of the Seminary are some of the best 
families of the leading cities of the country. These supe- 
rior advantages are afforded at very reasonable charges. 
The endowment is found in the fact that during the long 
vacation of the summer months, from June to September, 
the building is opened as a summer resort. At this time 
its spacious and well furnished rooms, and well supplied 
table, under the efficient direction of Henry M. Dowd, dis- 
pense to its select patrons the greatest comforts and luxu- 
ries of the very first-class hotels. Its omnibus runs to the 



54 

depot to meet all trains. The delightful grove and grounds, 
a few steps removed from the bustle and confusion of the 
great hotels, and its accessibility to all the springs in Sara- 
toga, renders the Seminary particularly desirable to lovers 
of health and comfort. 

SARATOGA AS A HEALTH RESORT. 

The world-wide fame of Saratoga as a fashionable water- 
ing place is not greater than its reputation as a health resort. 
Without doubt, it possesses greater advantages for the 
recovery of health than any other place in America, if not 
in the world. These advantages are not merely its won- 
derful healing waters, for which it is so justly celebrated. 
The climate of Saratoga is peculiarly salubrious. On the 
north and west the Kayaderosseras mountain affords its 
protection and shelter, and the Green mountain range on 
the east, with the Catskills on the south, combine to shield 
the village from raw winds and drifting storms. Adorned 
with the most beautiful groves of pine and fir, the atmos- 
phere is said to resemble that of Minnesota. 

The village is sufficiently rural for quiet and retirement, 
while it affords many advantages to be found only in large 
cities. 

The combination of these circumstances point to Sara- 
toga as the great physical Mecca. Hither come from near 
and far hundreds of pilgrims, worn out by professional 
duties or the activities of business life, and sufferers from 
the various chronic diseases that flesh is heir to. 

Since the number of health-seekers is so great, it is 



00 

natural that particular accommodations should he made for 
them. To supply this want, several large and nourishing 

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS 

have arisen. Their success has been unqualified. The 
advantages afforded are not merely a change of climate and 
habits, but embrace facilities and remedial appliances 
unavailable in general practice. 

The institutions of Saratoga have a wide reputation. As 
no Guide to the place would be complete, without an 
account of them, we publish here some of the features of 
the most celebrated. 

Dr. Hamilton's Medical Institute is located corner Broad- 
way and Congress street, opposite Congress Park. 

This institution is a delightful christian home. In addi- 
tion to the various remedial appliances which contribute 
to the recovery of invalids, including the celebrated 
Swedish movement cure, electro-chemical baths, oxygen- 
ized air, calisthenics, excellent bath rooms, the health lift, 
and, in fact, whatever the profession have sanctioned and 
experience has proved valuable; in addition to all these, 
numerous means of healthful recreation are provided. 
Daily devotions and frequent social and religious meetings 
are characteristic features of the house. Moreover, the 
prices are reasonable. During the warm season the house 
is opened to the public, also, and affords first-class accom- 
modations to the large numbers of cultivated people who 
make it their summer home. 

The proprietor, Dr. Hamilton, has had a large practice, 
and is widely known throughout the country as an emi- 



56 

nently skillful and successful practitioner. This institution 
has been»the most extensively patronized of any in Sara- 
toga, and many of the cures effected are truly wonderful. 

Those who are seeking health, and those who visit Sara- 
toga for pleasure, will find a most inviting home, with 
pleasant surroundings, at Dr. Hamilton's. 

The doctor has issued a pamphlet, describing its advan- 
tages, with certificates of remarkable cures, etc. 

The Eemedial Institute of Drs. S. S. & S. E. Strong 
is located on Circular, between Spring and Phila streets, 
and just above Temple Grove. It is probably surpassed 
by no institution in this country or Europe, in the elegance 
of its appointments and the completeness of its appliances. 
The house will accommodate about two hundred guests. 
Its patrons are from the most cultivated Christian people 
of the land. Among the large number of clergymen who 
make this their summer home is the distinguished Dr. 
Cuyler, who has made his annual visits to Saratoga for 
over twenty successive summers. 

The institute is finished in the very best taste and heated 
by steam, while the bath rooms are exceedingly elegant, 
and are one of tJie chief attractions of Saratoga. 

Among the special appliances which are used in the 
treatment of invalids, is the Equalizer, or vacuum treat- 
ment, electro-thermal baths, Swedish movement cure, 
vibrator, Russian bath, sulphur air bath, oxygen gas, Turk- 
ish and every other form of bath. 

A very neat pamphlet describing these appliances and 
their modus operandi has been issued by the doctors, who 
are graduates of the medical department of New York 



57 

University, and have attained eminent rank in their pro- 
fession. As a summer home this house fully meets the 
wants of those desiring first-class accommodations, and its 
remedial character does not diminish its attractions. 

Dks. Bedortha's Water Cure has a pleasant location 
on Broadway, opposite Congress spring and Park. This 
is the oldest medical institution in Saratoga, and, during 
the long time since its establishment, it has made many 
friends. It has been patronized by large numbers from 
all parts of the country, and has a wide-spread name. 

The Invalids' Guide, by Dr. N. Bedortha, contains an 
account of the mode of treatment and remedies used in 
the institution. 

In addition to these medical institutions, numerous phy- 
sicians devote special attention to the visiting population 
and to the medicinal use of the waters. 

DRIVES AND WALKS. 

The most fashionable drive is the new Boulevard to the 
Lake. This drive is four miles in length, with a row of 
trees on each side and one in the middle. Carriages pass 
down on one side and return on the other. For a long 
time it has been the principal drive in Saratoga, but until 
recently there have been few attractions besides the gay and 
brilliant procession of carriages with their fair occupants 
and superb horses. Since last season immense sums of 
money have been expended on the avenues and roads in 
the vicinity of Saratoga, and this new boulevard is now a 
very magnificent drive, although not completed as yet. 
Near the outlet of the lake, on a bluff fifty feet above the 



58 

surface of the water, is Moon's Lake House, one of the fea- 
tures of Saratoga. The grounds around the house are 
attractive, and command a fine view of the lake. The 
hobby of the Lake House is Fried Potatoes, and these they 
serve in good style. They are sold in papers like confec- 
tionery. 

Chapman's Hill, a mile beyond the Lake House, is 
one hundred and eighty feet above the level of the lake. 
A charming view is obtained from the hill, but not as fine 
as is afforded from 

Wagman's Hill, three miles beyond, and sixty feet 
higher. 

Hagerty Hill, six miles north of the village, toward 
Luzerne, brings to view a fine landscape. 

Bemis' Heights, the scene of the famous engagement 
between Burgoyne and General Gates, is about fifteen 
miles distant, in Stillwater, and is visited by large numbers 
of people. 

But the most extended view and the boldest landscape 
may be seen from Waring Hill, on the Mount Pleasant 
road, and about fifteen miles from Saratoga Springs. 

Saratoga, Ballston, Schenectady, Waterford, Mechanics- 
ville, Schuylerville, Saratoga lake, Round lake, etc., etc., 
by the aid of a glass, can all be discerned from this hill. 
There are other and shorter drives in Saratoga which are 
very attractive. Spring avenue, leading to the Excelsior 
and Sulphur springs, and round by Lake avenue, is very 
pleasant. The road to Ballston and the Geyser spring has 
recently been improved. 



59 

The entire length of Broadway is a magnificent drive. 
About a mile above Congress Hall the half-mile track and 
handsome grounds of Glen Mitchel are located. 

By far the most beautiful walk in Saratoga is the walk 
through the grove to the Excelsior spring. Car- 
riages and omnibuses may be taken as far as the grove. 
A pleasant hour may be spent in the woods, after a stroll 
through which, the delicious water of the Excelsior spring 
will be refreshing indeed. 

Congress Park is a lovely place and a great resort. 
There are many other walks in almost every direction 
which the pedestrian will find interesting. 

AMUSEMENTS. 

Of these the chief is flirting and dancing. Every after- 
noon the various bands at the large hotels discourse deli- 
cious music. The various drives, croquet, and a visit to the 
circular railway and Indian encampment, are enjoyed by 
many. During race week the races are the all-absorbing 
theme. The evening finds a brilliant party in the various 
ball-rooms, while at the more retired hotels and boarding- 
houses, charades and tableaux give opportunity for the 
display of wit and beauty. The streets are thronge'd with 
a gay and brilliant multitude, engaged in riding, driving or 
walking, each enjoying to the utmost a fascinating kind 
of busy idleness. The attractions of Saratoga society are 
famous. 

Those who are not matrimonially inclined should know 
that during their sojourn at the Spa, they are surrounded 
by dangers on every hand. Cupid for many years has 
made Saratoga his summer home. 



60 



SARATOGA AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE. 

Saratoga has been so modest that its many advantages as 
a place of residence are often overlooked. That it possesses 
not a few unusual and delightful attractious, while it is 
not behind other places of its size in scarcely any respect, 
must be acknowledged. Not alone the constant use of its 
spring waters, but its dry and bracing climate, its magnifi- 
cent groves and finely shaded streets, these and numerous 
other favorable circumstances contribute to make Saratoga 
unsurpassed as a permanent home. At one portion of the 
year the most distinguished, cultivated and wealthy of our 
own countiy are gathered here, and sight seeing can be 
done at home and on our own doorsteps. The many bless- 
ings which follow in the train of wealth and culture are 
found here. Travelers from other climes who visit our 
country seldom return until they have drank from these 
celebrated fountains, and enjoyed the comforts of these 
mammoth hotels. An opportunity is afforded in the vari- 
ous pulpits of the village to listen to the most eloquent 
preachers of the day. 

The home society of Saratoga is very pleasant, and uncor- 
rupted by the flash and glitter of the summer carnival. 

Notwithstanding all these benefits, which the resident 
population enjoy, the expense of living is moderate, and 
certainly below other and less celebrated watering places. 
That these advantages are becoming appreciated is evinced 
by the numerous and costly dwellings that are being erected 
on almost every street. 



61 

The average rise in real estate has been about ten per 
cent per annum for several years, and it may be con- 
fidently hoped that this beautiful place, possessing such 
peculiar attractions, will become the center of a large 
population. 

Educational institutions and manufacturing interests 
should flourish here. Tasteful cottages for summer residents 
are needed. 

The present population is about 9,000. For information 
in regard to real estate and permanent or transient homes 
in Saratoga, our readers are referred to Messrs. Wm. M 
Searing & Son, Real Estate Agents, Ainsworth's place, 
Broadway. 



62 




63 



THE SARATOGA MARBLE WORKS. 

The tourist, interested in science, or fond of the beauti- 
ful, will find a new attraction in Saratoga this year, in the 
steam mills and magnificent marbles of The Adirondack 
Verd-Antique Marble Co. The workshops where the 
marble receives its shape are located in this village, near 
the freight depot. The quarries are situated in the town 
of Thurman, Warren county, some seven miles north-west 
of Thurman station, on the Adirondack railroad. 

This peculiar rock embraces an area of about seventy- 
five acres, lying in ridges of some forty to sixty feet above 
the water level, and surrounded by the common gneissoid 
granite of that region. The depth of the bed, judging 
from geological indications, is not less than four hundred 
feet. 

The marble consists of lime, magnesia and silex in a 
metamorphic condition. It is variously colored, combin- 
ing the black and green of the Lapland, and the light and 
dark mottled greens of the Etruscan and Franconian verd- 
antiques, with an almost endless variety of shadings and 
blendings of coloring. 

The marble occupies a portion of a basin-shaped valley 
surrounded by hills, some of them rising to the height of 
fifteen hundred feet. 

Unlike other varieties of the ornamental marbles, this 
admits of being worked in very thin slabs without cement- 
ation, as the magnesia forms the vinculum or paste by 
which the grains or particles of which it is composed are 
held together, and performs the same office as magnesia 



64 

does in forming hydraulic lime of the common carbonates. 
This property enables it to be cut sharper, to sustain pres- 
sure, and to withstand the action of the weather, in a 
manner very much superior to any of the white marbles. 

This deposit, whose geological position is in the upper 
group or division of the Laurentian series of rocks, has 
been considered azoic, and deposited long prior to the 
appearance of any organized existence on the earth, but 
more accurate investigation has revealed the fact that it is 
almost entirely made up of organic remains, — the Eozoon 
Canadense, the oldest known fossil on the globe. 
The Eoozoon Canadense was a foraminiferous creature of 
microscopic dimensions, which lived in communities and 
built up its stony receptacles in the ocean, in a manner 
analogous to the corals of the present time. In the fossil 
remains muriatic acid develops the structure in a beautiful 
manner. Scattered through the marble are large patches 
of transparent noble serpentine, some of which are ex- 
tremely beautiful, resembling moss agate. 

Specimens of this marble, highly polished, are on exhi- 
bition at the office on Broadway, and at the workshop. 
Scientific men' will doubtless speedily avail themselves of 
this opportunity to procure for their center tables a marble 
top composed of the remains of the earliest form of exist- 
ence known. 



65 

WHERE TO TRADE IN SARATOGA. 

For the convenience of visitors we publish below a notice 
of some of the best business houses. We have admitted no 
one in whom we have not confidence, and have said 
nothing in regard to them that we do not fully indorse. 

BOOKS, STATIONERY, PERIODICALS, ETC. 

Mr. E. R. Stevens, Jr., first door above Congress Hall, Broadway, 
keeps a good assortment, is polite and attentive to his custom- 
ers, and has the latest issues. Music, as soon as published, may 
be found at his bookstore. 



MEDICINES, TOILET ARTICLES, PERFUMERY, ETC. 

P. T. Hill & Co., 182 Broadway, opposite the Marvin House. By 
personal experience we have found this house reliable, accurate 
and expeditious in pharmacy. They keep the best, and at rea- 
sonable prices. 



DRY GOODS, MILLINERY, FANCY NOTIONS, ETC. 

J. H. Carpenter & Co., Broadway, is a desirable place to trade. 
Those who wish for superior goods, at reasonable prices, will do 
well to give them a call. 



BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS 

of the best style are kept by J. L. Lucas, 102 Broadway. A large 
assortment is kept constantly. Mr. Lucas is also the discoverer 
and manufacturer of Lucas' Russian Leather Preservative and 
Waterproof Dressing for boots and shoes. 



HATS, CAPS, ETC. 

Vibbard, the fashionable hatter, Ainsworth place, Broadway, 
has the best store, the largest assortment, and the most elegant 
styles in Saratoga. 



• DR. C. H. RICH, DENTIST, 

Phila street, opposite the post-office. Dr. Rich is a perfect gentle- 
man as well as a very superior dentist. 



(JQ 



CONFECTIONERY, ICE CREAM, SODA,, ETC. 

Scidmore & Van Deusen, 142 Broadway, have constantly on 
hand a large variety of the very best of Maillard's confectionary. 
They also have ice cream, soda water, etc. 



BOARDING STABLE AND LIVERY. 

Dexter's, on Division street, near the railroad station. Among 
the large number of liveries, Dexter's is one of the largest and 
best. His carriages and horses are first-class, and his coachmen 
accommodating and civil. Mr. Dexter has also a first-class 
boarding stable, entirely distinct from the livery. The terms are 
reasonable. Should Mr. Bonner visit Saratoga this summer he 
will probably patronize Dexter. 



LANDSCAPE VIEWS. 

The most beautiful and artistic views, stereoscopic and cabinet, 
of Saratoga, Lake George, etc., with which we are acquainted, 
are made by Mr. S. R. Stoddard, who is also a portrait painter of 
acknowledged talent. 

Very few visit these great watering places without wishing to 
take home with them some mementoes of their surroundings, 
and the want is supplied in Mr. Stoddard's views, embracing as 
they do many scenes of great beauty as well as interest, and 
making many of them what they were designed to be, really 
" studies for artists." 



TONSORIAL. 

J. R. Wood & Waters, under Crescent Hotel, corner Congress 
street and Broadway, lather and shave in a superior manner. 
They are first-class barbers. Their rooms are neat and cosy, and 
have connected with them a bathing establishment for warm 
and cold baths. 

Mr. Wood has gained an excellent patronage and many friends 
by his successful management while under the American. Next, 
gentlemen. 



67 



LIST OF HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL BOARDING 
HOUSES. 

Albemarle Hotel, Broadway. 

Albion House, Front street. 

American Hotel, Broadway, Bennett & McCaffrey. 

Broadway Hall, Broadway, S. P. Briggs. 

Broadway House, Broadway, J. Howland. 

Cedar Bluff Hotel, Lake, H. U. Myers. 

Circular Street House, Circular street, L. R. Simons. 

Clarendon Hotel, Broadway, C. E. Leland. 

Columbian Hotel, Broadway, P. S. Waugh. 

Commercial Hotel, Church street, corner Matilda, S. W. 
Smith & Co. 

Congress Hall, Broadway, Hathorn & Southgate. 

Continental Hotel, "Washington street, M. M. Smalley. 

Cottage Home, Miss L. Burbanck. 

Crescent Hotel, Broadway, corner Congress street, R. 
Hamilton. 

Everett House, South Broadway, B. V. Frazier. 

Empire Hotel, Front street, C. H. Kendall. 

Franklin House, Church street. 

Glen Mitchel, Broadway, C. Weeks Mitchel. 

Grand Union Hotel, Broadway, Leland. 

Holden House, Broadway, W. J. Riggs. 

Hotel Germania, Broadway, G. Schmidt. 

Green Mountain House, Washington street, Chaffee & 
Wooster. 

Huestis House, 34 Broadway, J. L. Huestis. 

Lake House, Lake, C. B. Moon. 



G8 

Lake Side House, Lake, C. B. Moon, Jr. 

Manor House, South Broadway. 

Mansion House, Spring avenue, near Excelsior spring, 
Mrs. E. G. Chipman. 

Marvin House, Broadway, A. & D. Snyder. 

Merchants Hotel, Caroline street, corner Henry, G. H. 
Buitows. 

Mount Pleasant House, Broadway, C. H. Teft. 

New York Hotel, Lake avenue. 

Osborn House, Front, corner Van Dam, Geo. F. White. 

Pitney House, Congress street, J. Pitney. 

Park Place Hotel, Broadway, C. R. Brown. 

Pavilion Hotel, Division street, Eldridge & Co. 

St. James Hotel, Congress street, Van Vleck. 

Summer Resort, Franklin street. 

Temple Grove, Circular street, H. M. Dowd. 

Vermont House, Grove street, corner Front, B. V. Dyer. 

Waverly House, Broadway, Wm. C. Jones. 

Western Hotel, Church street, corner Lawrence, French 
&Co. 

Wilbur House, Washington street. 

Wager House, Broadway. 



69 

Drs. STRONG'S 

INSTITUTE 

Affords to Clergymen and Christian people an 

elegant and inviting home. 

Its appointments are most complete and 

adapted to all seasons of the year. 

Since last season the house has been greatly enlarged, 
steam has been introduced for heating purposes, and the 
finish is in modern and superior style. 

MANSION m@WMM< 

Mrs. E. G. CHIPMAK 

This first-class Family Hotel having changed proprietors, 
and having been thoroughly repaired, will be opened for the 
reception of guests on the 15th of May. It is pleasantly located 
near the Excelsior and White Sulphur Springs, and possesses 
superior attractions as a summer resort. 

SGI DM ORE & VAN DEUSEN. 

Ice Cream, French and American Confection- 
ery, Fruits and Nuts of all kinds, 

Also a fine assortment of Toj's, Dolls and Children's Carriages, Mate 
and Robes. 

No. 148 BROADWAY. 



CRYSTAL SPRING, 

PAEK PLACE, BKOADWAY. 

C. R. BROWN, - - - Proprietor. 

By PROF. C. F. CHANDLEK, of the Columbia School of Mines. 

Solid contents of one gallon, of 231 cubic inches : 

Chloride of Sodium 328.468 grains. 

Chloride of Potassium 8.327 

Bromide of Sodium 414 

Iodide of Sodium 066 

Fluoride of Calcium trace 

Bicarbonate of Lithia 4.326 

Bicarbonate of Soda 10.064 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia 75.161 

Bicarbonate of Lime 101 .881 

Bicarbonate of Strontia trace 

Bicarbonate of Baryta .726 

Bicarbonate of Iron 2.038 

Sulphate of Pota&sa 2.158 

Phosphate of Soda 009 

Biborate of Soda trace 

Alumina '305 

Silica 3.213 

Organic matter trace 

Sulphur, ZZHTi 

Total 537.155 " 

Carbonic Acid Gas....: 317.452 cubic inchee. 

Density... 1 -9°5 T . 

Temperature 45 F. 



From Dr. Bedortha. 
"This valuable Spring adds new attractions to invalids and 
to all who visit Saratoga. The waters are highly medicinal and 
equal to the best springs of the place. They are cathartic and 
tonic, containing, as is seen, iron and sulphur, very useful in 
dyspepsia, constipation, kidney complaints, scrofula, skin dis- 
eases, rheumatism, &c, and a cooling and refreshing beverage." 

N. BEDORTHA, M. D. 



71 
THE SARATOGA 

GEYSER (OR SPOUTIM) SPRING 

is located at the late manufactory of Messrs. YAIL & SEAVEY, near CADY 
HILL, about a mile south of the village on the Ballston road. It appar- 
ently flows from a crevice in the rock, 150 feet below the surface. This 
crevice was struck by drilling. The water, as shown by the analysis, is a 
powerful cathartic, and contains a larger amount of valuable medicinal 
properties than any other Spring at Saratoga. The water is very cold, and 
is thrown up by the action of its own carbonic acid gas with great force, 
producing a fountain jet very attractive in appearance. 

The proprietors invite a comparison of the waters of the Geyser Spring 
with any other mineral fountain at Saratoga or elsewhere. 

The following comparison with other springs at Saratoga, of 
the respective solid contents of mineral substances in a gallon 
of water, most fully demonstrates the superiority of the Gey- 
ser as a medicinal spring : 

Geyser, or Spouting Spring, solid contents 991 . 546 grains. 

Congress Spring 567.943 " 

Empire Spring 496.352 " 

High Rock Spring 628.038 " 

Star Spring 615.685 " 

Seltzer Spring 461 .680 " 

Excelsior Spring 513.746 " 

Hathorn Spring 888. -103 " 

Gettysburg Katalysine Spring 266.930 " 



ANALYSIS OF THE GEYSER SPRING. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 

By PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, Ph. D., Professor of Analytical and Applied 
Chemistry, Columbia College. 
Grains. 
Chloride of Sodium 562.080 



Chloride of Potassium 24. 

Bromide of Sodium 2 .212 

Iodide of Sodium 0.248 

Fluoride of Calcium trace 

Bicarbonate of Lithia 7.004 

Bicarbonate of Soda 71 .232 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia... 149.343 

Bicarbonate of Lime 170.392 

Bicarbonate of Strontia 0.425 



Grains. 

Bicarbonate of Baryta 2.014 

Bicarbonate of Iron 0.979 

Sulphate of Potassa 0.318 

Phosphate of Soda trace 

Biborate of Soda trace 

Alumina trace 

Silica 0.665 

Organic matter trace 



Total solid contents 991.546 



Carbonic Acid Gas in 1 U. S. gal 454.082 cub. in . 

Density 1 .011 

Temperature 46° Fah. 



ADDKE SS 



GEYSER SZtPZE^IZlnTG-, 
SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



72 

Congress, Empire and Columbian 

SPRING WATERS. 



During the many years in which these waters have been 
before the public, they have enjoyed a steadily increasing 
popularity, and they remain at the present day 

PURE, UNCHANGED, UNFAILING ! 

The}' are bottled fresh from each of the Springs named, 
in so careful and secure a manner that they preserve all 
their medicinal value for years, and are safely and securely 
packed in boxes, suitable for shipment to any part of the 
world. 

CONGRESS AND EMPIRE WATERS, 

packed in boxes containing four dozen pint, or two dozen 
quart, bottles each. 

COLUMBIAN WATER, 

packed in boxes containing four dozen pint or half-pint 
bottles each. Address, 

Congress and Empire Spring Co., 

Saratoga Springs, ft. Y., and 

94 Chambers St., New York City. 

ALSO, THE FOLLOWING WHOLESALE AGENTS: 
BULLOCK & CRENSHAW, 528 Arch St. and 531 North St., Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 
HUKLBUT & EDSALL, 32 Lake street, Chicago, 111. 
F. E. SUIKE & CO., cor. of Fourth and Vine Sts., Cincinnati, O. 
A. A. MELL1ER, GOO Main street, cor. of Washington avenue, 

St. Louis, Mo. 
E. J. HART & CO., 73, 75 and 77 Tchoupitoulas street, New 
Orleans, La. 
Also for Sale by Druggists generally throughout the Country. 
Orders by mail will receive prompt attention. 



73 

OF THE 

XtEHD SPBIPTG. 



The following analysis of lied Spring water was made by 
Prof. John H. Afpleton, of Brown University, Provi- 
dence, R. I. The amounts specify the number of grains 
of the various substances in one Imperial gallon of the 
water: 

Bicarbonate of Lithia LiO.HO 2 C02, .242 grains. 

Bicarbonate of Soda NaO.HO 2 0O2, 15.327 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia MgO.HO 2 C02, 42.413 " 

Bicarbonate of Lime CaO,H0 2 C02, 101.256 " 

Chloride of Sodium Ma CI, 83.530 " 

Chloride of Potassium K CI, 6.587 " 

Alumina and Sesqr.ioxide of Iron 2.100 " 

Silica 3.255 " 

Phosphates a trace. 

254.710 " 

We present above the analysis, one of the most careful 
and complete examinations ever made, and showing the 
presence, in great abundance, of those elements which con- 
stitute the value of all mineral springs. The effect of this 
•water as an alterative is far superior to that of any other 
spring, and so great that small quantities produce the 
desired results, making it, thereby, wonderfully suited to 
the weakest, stomachs, in cases of long and extreme chronic 
disease. This quality of the water is due to the peculiar 
combination of its ingredients. We revert only to the fact 
which every chemist knows, that a slight change in its 
elements often converts a deadly 'poison into a nutritious food 
or a powerful medicine. 

Dr. Steel spoke of the wonderful power of this water 
in curing Salt Rheum and skin diseases, nearly fifty years 
ago, in a little work he wrote on the character of "Our 
Mineral Springs." 

For particulars of the many cures by the use of this 
water, call for a circular, at the bottling-house of the Red 
Spring, on Spring avenue. 



74 
SARATOGA, N. Y. 

For a period of over half a century, the water of this spring 
has been favorably known to the citizens and visitors of Sara- 
toga, and yet it was not until 1863 that its real merits were 
fully developed. Owing to the great amount of Iodine with 
which the water is charged, it was always held in high esteem 
by invalids, and especially those suffering from Chronic Rheu- 
matism, Scrofulous complaints, Cutaneous Eruptions, &c. 

An Analysis of the water was soon after made by Professor 
Chandler, which demonstrated conclusively, that, in wealth 
of mineral matter, it far surpasses any of the other fountains 
of Saratoga. Containing every ingredient found in the other 
springs in a much larger amount, it likewise is impregnated 
with several salts, not shown in the analysis of other springs 
of the place. As a Beverage it has no superior ; as a Cathartic 
it is unsurpassed, and as a Tonic and Diuretic it is second to 
none yet discovered. 

In view of the facts stated, it is claimed that the Star water 
will secure : 

1st. All the benefits or advantages that can be derived from 
the use of any other of the waters of Saratoga. 

2d. That it is vastly superior to any other in the treatment 
of diseases where the use of Iodine is desirable. 

3d. That, owing to the greater quantity of Carbonic Acid 
Gas with which it~is charged, it will preserve better and longer, 
bottled, than any other now known. 

4th. That there is no natural mineral fountain in Saratoga, 
nor in the world, as yet known to science, that is so richly 
charged with health giving and health preserving properties. 
Price of quarts, per dozen (2 doz. in case), - $2.50 

Per Gross, 30.00 

Pints, per dozen (4 doz. in case), 1.75 

Per Gross, 21.00 

Thirty gallon bbls., -------- 23.50 

Water 20 cents per gallon in bulk; customers paying the 
freight on the empty casks to Saratoga and full ones back. 
TERMS CA8~H. 

Address — Star Spring Co., Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 



75 



HIGH ROCK SPRING. 

The oldest and most famous Spring in Saratoga is the 

HIGH ROCK SPUING. 

As a beverage it is pleasant and exhilarating; for medic- 
inal purposes it is unsurpassed. It has stood the test of 
over a century, and has the approval to-day of the most 
eminent medical authority of the country. 



ANALYSIS BY PROF. 0. H. CHANDLER, 

Of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, NEW YORK. 
In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained— 

Chloride of Sodium 390.127 grains. 

Chloride of Potassium 8 974 " 

Bromide of Sodium 731 " 

Iodide of Sodium ..!..!!"!.".' 086 " 

Fluoride of Calcium trace 

Sulphate of Potassa 1608' " 

Bicarbonate of Baryta '. trace 

Bicarbonate of Strontia trace 

Bicarbonate of Lime ' 131 739 " 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia ...........' 54 924 " 

Bicarbonate of Soda 34 888 " 

Bicarbonate of Iron 1*478 « 

Phosphate of Lime trace 

Alumina .'.'..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.* 1.223 ' " 

Silica 2.260 " 

Total., 628.039 grains. 

Carbonic acid gas 409.458 cub. in . 

By reference to the analysis of the various other mineral 
fountains of Saratoga, and comparing them with the above, 
it will be seen that the water of the High Rock Spring is 
not only a much heavier water, but that it also contains a 
very much larger number of cubic inches of carbonic acid 
gas per gallon. 

WM. SLOCUM, Supt. T. J. CLARK, Agent. 

New York Depot, 543 Broadway, N. Y. 



76 
THE 



ALBANY LAW JOUBJAL, 

THE BEST 

LEGAL PEEIODIOAL 

PUBLISHED IIST THIS COUNTRY. 



DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE LEGAL 
PROFESSION IN THE UNITED STATES. 



ISSUED WEEKLY. 

Price per year, ------ $5.00 

WEED, PARSONS & CO., 

Publishers, Albany, N. Y. 



77 



OSBORH HOUSE, 

Corner Front and Van Dam Streets, 
GEORGE F. WHITE, 

PROPRIETOR. 



This house is situate in the immediate vicinity of the 
Empire, Star, Seltzer and High Rock Springs. 



78 

mmm mm 

W. J. RIQ-G-S, Proprietor, 

167 and 169 BROADWAY, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 

OPEN THE YEAR ROUND. 

Homceopathic Pharmacy, 

PHILA STREET, Opposite Post-office, 
Office Hours 8 to 10 A. M., 1 to 3 and 7 to 8 P. M. 



Consultation in regard to the properties and use of all 
the " Mineral Waters." 

Homoeopathic Remedies and Family Cases prepared to 
order at the Pharmacy. 



79 

Arrival and Departure of Trains at Saratoga. 

Arrive. trains going north and east. Leave. 

8.45 Morning Mail 8.50 

2.55 Afternoon Express 3.15 

6.35 Afternoon Accommodation 6.45 

9.15 Afternoon Albany Special 

9.40 Afternoon N. Y. Express. . . 

Arrive. trains going south and west. Leave. 
7.45 Morning Accommodation 7.55 

Morning N. Y. Express 9.00 

3.15 Afternoon Express 3.30 

6.45 Afternoon Mail 6.55 

Afternoon Albany Accommodation 9.40 

SUNDAY TRAIN. 

9.45 Morning Train 

Afternoon Train 3.30 

SCHENECTADY DIVISION. 
Coming North. Going South. 

Arrive. Leave. 

7.15 Morning Train 7.45 

10.10 Morning Train 

Afternoon Train 12.40 

6.00 ...:.... Afternoon Train 7.00 

ADIRONDACK CO.'S R. R. 

going north. Leave. 

Morning Express, from R. & S. depot 9.15 

from A. Co.'s office 9.30 

Afternoon Accommodation, from A. Co.'s office 3.40 

coming south. Arrive. 

Morning Accommodation, at A. Co.'s office 11.30 

Afternoon Express, at A. Co.'s office 6.15 

" at R. &. S. depot 6.30 

The morning train North and evening train South connect at 
Saratoga with trains on the Rensselaer & Saratoga Railroad at the 
Rensselaer & Saratoga Railroad depot. The other trains will start 
from and stop at the Adirondack Company's office, Congress and 
Washington streets, giving time to connect with the mid-day 
express trains on the Rensselaer & Saratoga. 

The Express trains connect at Thurman with stages to and from 
Warrensburgh and Lake George, at The Glen with stages to and 
from Chester, Pottersville and the steamer on Schroon Lake, also 
with stages for Weavertown, Johnsburgh, North Creek and North 
River (" the 14th "), and at Hadley with omnibusses for Luzerne. 



80 

Ixmbtar iprlBgt 

SAEATOGA_SPKtNGS, N. Y. 

A. R. LAWRENCE & CO., - - - Proprietors. 

The virtues of the " Excelsi^:" water are such as have 
secured it the high encomiums of physicians and others 
who have used it, possessing, as it does, in an eminent 
degree, Cathartic, Diuretic, Alterative and Tonic qualities. 
It produces its beneficial effects without the injurious 
results which so commonly follow the use of artificial 
curatives ; and, as a general regulator and preservative of 
the tone of the system, the water of the "Excelsior" 
Spring is invaluable, removing and preventing, by its 
aperient and alterative effects, the incipient forms of 
disease. 

It is used with great success in the treatment of Dys- 
pepsia, Constipation of the Bowels, Affections of the Liver 
and Kidneys, Fevers, Scrofula, Cutaneous Diseases, &c. 
It is also an excellent remedy for the Headache, and a 
pleasant and healthful beverage. 

From Alfred L. Looms, M. D., 
Professor of the Institutes and Practice of Medicine in the University of the 
city of New York. 
During my whole professional life I have heen accustomed to use freely 
the water of Congress and Empire Springs. About six months since, acci- 
dentally, I was furnished with a few bottles of the " Excelsior " Spring 
Water, and found it so much more agreeable to the taste and pleasant in 
its effects than either Congress or Empire Water, that 1 have since used it 
myself, and recommended it to patients requiring a gentle Cathartic and 
Diuretic. 

A. L. LOOMIS, M. D. 
New York, Sept. 17,1866. 

From Nathan K. Smith, M. D., 
Professor of Surgery in the University of Maryland. 
I have recently used the "Excelsior" Spring Water, and find it to bo 
highly medicinal ; more active as a Cathartic and Diuretic than any other 
natural water with which I am acquainted. I continue to use it, and recom- 
mend it to my patients. 

N. K. SMITH, M. D., 
Baltimore, Md., March 1, 1866. Prof, of Surgery. 



Eureka Mineral & White Sulphur Spring Water 

WHITE SULPHUR BATHS, 

Lake ^venue, Saratoga Springs. 

The Eureka Spuing Company's pure White Sulphur 
Spring, discovered last Summer, is now open for visitors. 

THE WATER IS 

Epal in Quality and Strength to tie Dest Wliite Sulphur springs 

In this State, and fab supekior to most of them. 
The Company has erected a pleasant 

B ATHXKTG- HOUSE 

CONTAINING FIFTY BATH ROOMS, 

And replete with every convenience for WARM and COLD 
SULPHUR BATHS. 

Single Bith Tickets, Fifty Cents. 

Oonpon Tickets, good for 12 Baths, - Five Dollars. 

The Company also invites attention to its superior Minekal SpniNo, 
entirely distinct from the White Sulphur Spring, though distant only a 
few rods from it. The following is the analysis by R. L. Allen, M.I)., 
of Saratoga Springs ; 

Chloride of Sodium .• 466.811 grs. I Iodide of Soda 4.6(i6 grs. 

Bicarbonate of Soda 8. 751) " | Bromide of Potassa 1.566 " 

Bicarbonate of Lime./... 41.321 " Silica 532 " 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia . 29.340 " Alumina 231 " 

Carbonate of Iron 3.000 " | Sulphate of Magnesia 2.148 " 

4 Carbonic Acid, 239.000. Atmospheric Air, 2.000. 

This water is very pleasant to the taste, and is considered peculiarly 
efficacious in dyspepsia and all diseases and affections of the Liver and 
Kidneys. Orders may be addressed 

EUREKA SPRING COMPANY, 

Box 484 Post Office, Saratoga Springs, N. Y., or 
Mr. Benj. J. Levy, Agent Eureka Spring Company, No. 7 Hudson R P. r> . 

Depot, Varick Street, New York. 
Circulars, stating prices, &c. may be had at the Spring, or by addrt :-. 

as above. 
Saratoga Springs. Mag, 1871. 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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